This is a list of countries by their exchange rate regime.[1]
No legal tender of their own
US dollar as legal tender
- British Virgin Islands
- Caribbean Netherlands
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- Marshall Islands
- Micronesia
- Palau
- Timor-Leste
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- Zimbabwe
Euro as legal tender
- Andorra[2]
- Kosovo
- Monaco[2]
- Montenegro
- San Marino
- Vatican City[2]
Australian dollar as legal tender
- Kiribati[3]
- Nauru[3]
- Tuvalu[3]
Swiss franc as legal tender
- Liechtenstein[4]
Currency board
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Antigua and Barbuda (XCD)
- Djibouti (DJF)
- Dominica (XCD)
- Grenada (XCD)
- Hong Kong (HKD)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis (XCD)
- Saint Lucia (XCD)
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (XCD)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- Bosnia and Herzegovina (BAM)
- Bulgaria (BGN)
Singapore dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Brunei (BND)
Conventional peg
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Aruba (AWG)
- The Bahamas (BSD)
- Bahrain (BHD)
- Barbados (BBD)
- Belize (BZD)
- Bermuda (BMD)[citation needed]
- Curaçao (ANG)
- Eritrea (ERN)
- Jordan (JOD)
- Oman (OMR)
- Panama (PAB)
- Qatar (QAR)
- Saudi Arabia (SAR)
- Sint Maarten (ANG)
- South Sudan (SSP)
- Turkmenistan (TMT)
- United Arab Emirates (AED)
- Venezuela (VEF)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- Benin (XOF)
- Burkina Faso (XOF)
- Cabo Verde (CVE)
- Cameroon (XAF)
- Central African Republic (XAF)
- Chad (XAF)
- Comoros (KMF)
- Côte d’Ivoire (XOF)
- Denmark (DKK)
- Equatorial Guinea (XAF)
- Gabon (XAF)
- Guinea-Bissau (XOF)
- Mali (XOF)
- Niger (XOF)
- Republic of Congo (XAF)
- São Tomé and Príncipe (STD)
- Senegal (XOF)
- Togo (XOF)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Fiji (FJD)
- Kuwait (KWD)
- Libya (LYD)
- Morocco (MAD)
- Samoa (WST)
Other currency as exchange rate anchor
- Bhutan (BTN)
- Eswatini (SZL)
- Lesotho (LSL)
- Namibia (NAD)
- Nepal (NPR)
Other
- Solomon Islands (SBD)
Stabilized arrangement
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Guyana (GYD)
- Iraq (IQD)
- Kazakhstan (KZT)
- Lebanon (LBP)
- Maldives (MVR)
- Suriname (SRD)
- Trinidad and Tobago (TTD)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- North Macedonia (MKD)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Singapore (SGD)
- Vietnam (VND)
Monetary aggregate target
- Bangladesh (BDT)
- Burundi (BIF)
- Democratic Republic of the Congo (CDF)
- Guinea (GNF)
- Sri Lanka (LKR)
- Tajikistan (TJS)
- Yemen (YER)
Other
- Angola (AOA)
- Azerbaijan (AZN)
- Bolivia (BOB)
Crawling peg
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Nicaragua (NIO)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Botswana (BWP)
Crawl-like arrangement
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Honduras (HNL)
- Jamaica (JMD)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- Croatia (HRK)
Monetary aggregate target
- China (CNY)
- Ethiopia (ETB)
- Uzbekistan (UZS)
Inflation-targeting framework
- Armenia (AMD)
- Dominican Republic (DOP)
- Guatemala (GTQ)
Other
- Belarus (BYR)
- Haiti (HTG)
- Laos (LAK)
- Switzerland (CHF)
- Tunisia (TND)
Pegged exchange rate within horizontal bands
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Tonga (TOP)
Other managed arrangement
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Cambodia (KHR)
- Liberia (LRD)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Algeria (DZD)
- Iran (IRR)
- Syria (SYP)
Monetary aggregate target
- The Gambia (GMD)
- Myanmar (MMK)
- Nigeria (NGN)
- Rwanda (RWF)
Inflation-targeting framework
- Czech Republic (CZK)
Other
- Costa Rica (CRC)
- Kyrgyzstan (KGS)
- Malaysia (MYR)
- Mauritania (MRO)
- Pakistan (PKR)
- Sudan (SDG)
- Vanuatu (VUV)
Floating
Monetary aggregate target
- Afghanistan (AFN)
- Kenya (KES)
- Madagascar (MGA)
- Malawi (MWK)
- Mozambique (MZN)
- Papua New Guinea (PGK)
- Seychelles (SCR)
- Sierra Leone (SLL)
- Tanzania (TZS)
- Ukraine (UAH)
- Uruguay (UYU)
Inflation-targeting framework
- Albania (ALL)
- Argentina (ARS)
- Brazil (BRL)
- Colombia (COP)
- Georgia (GEL)
- Ghana (GHS)
- Hungary (HUF)
- Iceland (ISK)
- Indonesia (IDR)
- Israel (ILS)
- South Korea (KRW)
- Moldova (MDL)
- New Zealand (NZD)
- Paraguay (PYG)
- Peru (PEN)
- Philippines (PHP)
- Romania (RON)
- Serbia (RSD)
- South Africa (ZAR)
- Thailand (THB)
- Turkey (TRY)
- Uganda (UGX)
Other
- India (INR)
- Mauritius (MUR)
- Mongolia (MNT)
- Zambia (ZMW)
Free floating
Inflation-targeting framework
- Australia (AUD)
- Canada (CAD)
- Chile (CLP)
- Japan (JPY)
- Mexico (MXN)
- Norway (NOK)
- Poland (PLN)
- Sweden (SEK)
- United Kingdom (GBP)
- Morocco (MAD)
Other
- European Union (EUR)
- Austria
- Belgium
- Cyprus
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Ireland
- Italy
- Latvia
- Lithuania[5]
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Netherlands
- Portugal
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Egypt (EGP)
- Russia (RUB)[6]
- Somalia (SOS)
- United States (USD)
References
- ^“Monetary Policy Framework” (PDF). Annual report on exchange arrangements and exchange restrictions 2014. International Monetary Fund. October 2014. p. 6.
- ^ Jump up to:ab c http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/world/outside_euro_area/index_en.htm
- ^ Jump up to:ab c http://www.treasury.gov.au/PublicationsAndMedia/Publications/2010/Monetary-and-exchange-rate-policy/working-paper-2010-05/Exchange-rates
- ^“Archived copy”. Archived from the original on 2015-07-02. Retrieved 2015-07-02.
- ^https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30635826
- ^“Russian central bank abandons rouble trading band, floats rouble”. Reuters. 10 November 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2017.