This is a list of countries by their exchange rate regime.[1]
No legal tender of their own
US dollar as legal tender
- British Virgin Islands
- Caribbean Netherlands
- Ecuador
- El Salvador
- Marshall Islands
- Micronesia
- Palau
- Timor-Leste
- Turks and Caicos Islands
- Zimbabwe
Euro as legal tender
- Andorra[2]
- Kosovo
- Monaco[2]
- Montenegro
- San Marino
- Vatican City[2]
Australian dollar as legal tender
- Kiribati[3]
- Nauru[3]
- Tuvalu[3]
Swiss franc as legal tender
- Liechtenstein[4]
Currency board
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Antigua and Barbuda (XCD)
- Djibouti (DJF)
- Dominica (XCD)
- Grenada (XCD)
- Hong Kong (HKD)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis (XCD)
- Saint Lucia (XCD)
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (XCD)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- Bosnia and Herzegovina (BAM)
- Bulgaria (BGN)
Singapore dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Brunei (BND)
Conventional peg
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Aruba (AWG)
- The Bahamas (BSD)
- Bahrain (BHD)
- Barbados (BBD)
- Belize (BZD)
- Bermuda (BMD)[citation needed]
- Curaçao (ANG)
- Eritrea (ERN)
- Jordan (JOD)
- Oman (OMR)
- Panama (PAB)
- Qatar (QAR)
- Saudi Arabia (SAR)
- Sint Maarten (ANG)
- South Sudan (SSP)
- Turkmenistan (TMT)
- United Arab Emirates (AED)
- Venezuela (VEF)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- Benin (XOF)
- Burkina Faso (XOF)
- Cabo Verde (CVE)
- Cameroon (XAF)
- Central African Republic (XAF)
- Chad (XAF)
- Comoros (KMF)
- Côte d’Ivoire (XOF)
- Denmark (DKK)
- Equatorial Guinea (XAF)
- Gabon (XAF)
- Guinea-Bissau (XOF)
- Mali (XOF)
- Niger (XOF)
- Republic of Congo (XAF)
- São Tomé and Príncipe (STD)
- Senegal (XOF)
- Togo (XOF)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Fiji (FJD)
- Kuwait (KWD)
- Libya (LYD)
- Morocco (MAD)
- Samoa (WST)
Other currency as exchange rate anchor
- Bhutan (BTN)
- Eswatini (SZL)
- Lesotho (LSL)
- Namibia (NAD)
- Nepal (NPR)
Other
- Solomon Islands (SBD)
Stabilized arrangement
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Guyana (GYD)
- Iraq (IQD)
- Kazakhstan (KZT)
- Lebanon (LBP)
- Maldives (MVR)
- Suriname (SRD)
- Trinidad and Tobago (TTD)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- North Macedonia (MKD)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Singapore (SGD)
- Vietnam (VND)
Monetary aggregate target
- Bangladesh (BDT)
- Burundi (BIF)
- Democratic Republic of the Congo (CDF)
- Guinea (GNF)
- Sri Lanka (LKR)
- Tajikistan (TJS)
- Yemen (YER)
Other
- Angola (AOA)
- Azerbaijan (AZN)
- Bolivia (BOB)
Crawling peg
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Nicaragua (NIO)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Botswana (BWP)
Crawl-like arrangement
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Honduras (HNL)
- Jamaica (JMD)
Euro as exchange rate anchor
- Croatia (HRK)
Monetary aggregate target
- China (CNY)
- Ethiopia (ETB)
- Uzbekistan (UZS)
Inflation-targeting framework
- Armenia (AMD)
- Dominican Republic (DOP)
- Guatemala (GTQ)
Other
- Belarus (BYR)
- Haiti (HTG)
- Laos (LAK)
- Switzerland (CHF)
- Tunisia (TND)
Pegged exchange rate within horizontal bands
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Tonga (TOP)
Other managed arrangement
US dollar as exchange rate anchor
- Cambodia (KHR)
- Liberia (LRD)
Composite exchange rate anchor
- Algeria (DZD)
- Iran (IRR)
- Syria (SYP)
Monetary aggregate target
- The Gambia (GMD)
- Myanmar (MMK)
- Nigeria (NGN)
- Rwanda (RWF)
Inflation-targeting framework
- Czech Republic (CZK)
Other
- Costa Rica (CRC)
- Kyrgyzstan (KGS)
- Malaysia (MYR)
- Mauritania (MRO)
- Pakistan (PKR)
- Sudan (SDG)
- Vanuatu (VUV)
Floating
Monetary aggregate target
- Afghanistan (AFN)
- Kenya (KES)
- Madagascar (MGA)
- Malawi (MWK)
- Mozambique (MZN)
- Papua New Guinea (PGK)
- Seychelles (SCR)
- Sierra Leone (SLL)
- Tanzania (TZS)
- Ukraine (UAH)
- Uruguay (UYU)
Inflation-targeting framework
- Albania (ALL)
- Argentina (ARS)
- Brazil (BRL)
- Colombia (COP)
- Georgia (GEL)
- Ghana (GHS)
- Hungary (HUF)
- Iceland (ISK)
- Indonesia (IDR)
- Israel (ILS)
- South Korea (KRW)
- Moldova (MDL)
- New Zealand (NZD)
- Paraguay (PYG)
- Peru (PEN)
- Philippines (PHP)
- Romania (RON)
- Serbia (RSD)
- South Africa (ZAR)
- Thailand (THB)
- Turkey (TRY)
- Uganda (UGX)
Other
- India (INR)
- Mauritius (MUR)
- Mongolia (MNT)
- Zambia (ZMW)
Free floating
Inflation-targeting framework
- Australia (AUD)
- Canada (CAD)
- Chile (CLP)
- Japan (JPY)
- Mexico (MXN)
- Norway (NOK)
- Poland (PLN)
- Sweden (SEK)
- United Kingdom (GBP)
- Morocco (MAD)
Other
- European Union (EUR)
- Austria
- Belgium
- Cyprus
- Estonia
- Finland
- France
- Germany
- Greece
- Ireland
- Italy
- Latvia
- Lithuania[5]
- Luxembourg
- Malta
- Netherlands
- Portugal
- Slovakia
- Slovenia
- Spain
- Egypt (EGP)
- Russia (RUB)[6]
- Somalia (SOS)
- United States (USD)
References
- ^“Monetary Policy Framework” (PDF). Annual report on exchange arrangements and exchange restrictions 2014. International Monetary Fund. October 2014. p. 6.
- ^ Jump up to:ab c http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/euro/world/outside_euro_area/index_en.htm
- ^ Jump up to:ab c http://www.treasury.gov.au/PublicationsAndMedia/Publications/2010/Monetary-and-exchange-rate-policy/working-paper-2010-05/Exchange-rates
- ^“Archived copy”. Archived from the original on 2015-07-02. Retrieved 2015-07-02.
- ^https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-30635826
- ^“Russian central bank abandons rouble trading band, floats rouble”. Reuters. 10 November 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2017.
Ofer Abarbanel – Executive Profile
Ofer Abarbanel is a 25 year securities lending broker and expert who has advised many Israeli regulators, among them the Israel Tax Authority, with respect to stock loans, repurchase agreements and credit derivatives. Founder of TBIL.co STATX Fund.